A Scalable Perovskite Platform With Multi‐State Photoresponsivity for In‐Sensor Saliency Detection

Abstract

ABSTRACT Artificial vision systems are increasingly central to edge intelligence, yet they often suffer from high data latency and energy consumption due to sensor‐processor separation. In‐sensor computing (ISC) provides a promising solution by integrating sensing and computation. However, current ISC devices remain constrained by scalability, uniformity, and processability. Here, we address these limitations via a reconfigurable perovskite‐photovoltaic platform that can be facilely processed from solutions. This architecture allows precise, reconfigurable photoresponsivity tuning with ultra‐low variability and supports fabrication on both rigid and flexible substrates. The device exhibits up to ±1120 mA W − 1 photoresponsivity and 1000 programmable states, with excellent air stability (30 days) and thermal reliability (80°C). The scalability of these devices is demonstrated via a proof of concept 32 × 32 array. The excellent uniformity and programmability of the array are utilized in energy‐efficient face detection applications (achieving 95.2% sensitivity and 4.51 × speedup for subsequent computation) in addition to image feature extraction and MNIST digit recognition tasks (96.97% accuracy). Compared to previous ISC implementations, our system offers enhanced tunability, fabrication scalability, and functional stability. These results establish a practical perovskite‐based ISC platform, offering new avenues for intelligent computing systems in robotics, wearable electronics, and neuromorphic vision.