A Self‐Sustainable, Ultrarobust and High‐Power‐Density Triboelectric Nanogenerator for In Situ Powering of Marine Internet of Things

Abstract

Abstract The sustainable operation of marine Internet of Things (IoT), as a critical enabler for marine resource utilization, is hindered by the lack of robust energy solutions capable of powering advanced functionalities in unpredictable oceanic environments. Here, a self‐sustainable, highly reliable triboelectric nanogenerator system is presented that synergizes a non‐contact architecture with dynamic charge supplementation and multiphase electrode design to overcome persistent limitations in durability, energy storage, and water wave adaptability. The system achieves a 3‐fold enhancement in output charge with 97% performance retention over 20 million cycles—5.2 times more durable than state‐of‐the‐art counterparts. A chaotic double‐pendulum structure further broadens operational bandwidth to 0.4–1.0 Hz with the charge accumulation rate of 4.6 times, enabling record‐breaking average power density of 13.53 W m −3 Hz −1 . Furthermore, an adaptive ultralow‐powered (244 nW) integrated management circuit with on‐demand direct current supply functionality ensures a 394‐fold energy storage speed, successfully sustaining real‐time GPS communication and water quality monitoring in autonomous buoys. This work establishes a scalable, maintenance‐free paradigm for marine energy harvesting, directly addressing the energy paradox in IoT deployment while advancing sustainable resource management and climate resilience strategies.