Achieving Ultra‐High‐Power Output in Triboelectric Energy Harvesters by Torrent‐Like Charge Regulation

Abstract

Abstract The state‐of‐the‐art energy harvesters that harness environmental kinetic energy toward realizing battery‐free Internet of Things (IoT) applications are susceptible to low power density owing to low charge density and high output impedance. Here, a new charge regulation strategy is introduced that simultaneously enhances charge transport rate and the total amount of charges, allowing for achieving a volumetric peak power density exceeding 10 MW m −3 . It is demonstrated that such an enhanced performance results from the synergistic cooperation between a transistor‐inspired switching architecture that accelerates charge transfer rate whereas minimizing internal impedance and a bio‐inspired charge vascular system that enhances the amount of generated charge, together contributing to a torrent‐like charge regulation (TCR). The unique TCR strategy as well as the induced high power output endows a fully battery‐free wireless sensing and communication platform, highlighting its potential to enable sustainable, distributed battery‐free IoT networks in real‐world applications.