Antibody‐level Bacteria Grabbing by “Mechanic Invasion” of Bioinspired Hedgehog Artificial Mesoporous Nanostructure for Hierarchical Dynamic Identification and Light‐Response Sterilization

Abstract

Abstract The interactions exploration between microorganisms and nanostructures are pivotal steps toward advanced applications, but the antibody‐level bacteria grabbing is limited by the poor understanding of interface identification mechanisms in small‐sized systems. Herein, the de novo design of a bioinspired hedgehog artificial mesoporous nanostructure (core–shell mesoporous Au@Pt (mAPt)) are proposed to investigate the association between the topography design and efficient bacteria grabbing. These observations indicate that virus‐like spiky topography compensates for the obstacles faced by small‐sized materials for bacteria grabbing, including the lack of requisite microscopic cavities and sufficient contact area. Molecular dynamics simulation reveals that spiky topography with heightened mechano‐invasiveness (6.56 × 10 3 KJ mol −1 ) facilitates antibody‐level bacteria grabbing, attributed to the “mechanic invasion”‐induced hierarchical dynamic identification ranging from rough surface contact to penetration fixation. Furthermore, light reflectance and finite element calculation confirmed that mAPt exhibits near‐superblack characteristic and plasmonic hot spot, facilitating enhanced photothermal conversion with power dissipation density at 2.04 × 10 21  W m −3 . After integrating the hierarchical dynamic identification with enhanced light response, mAPt enables advanced applications in immunoassay with 50‐fold sensitivity enhancement and over 99.99% in vitro photothermal sterilization. It is anticipated that this novel biomimetic design provides a deeper understanding of bacteria grabbing and a promising paradigm for bacteria combating.