Coaxial Hydrogel Optical Fibre Skin for Interference‐Free Multimodal Tactile Perception

X Xuyao Zhou (Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China) Y Yiqin Guo (Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China) Z Zhenyu Chen K Kaitian Yu (Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China) C Chengyu Yang K Kaixuan Lin (Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China) W Weiting Chen X Xuan Liu (School of Energy and Power Engineering) P Penglin Lyu (Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China) T Tingli Hu (Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China) Y Yuzhi Qin (Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China) Y Yupeng Guo W Wenqi Han Z Zuping Lyu (Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China) M Mingming Rong (College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Henan University Kaifeng China) B Bo Fang X Xiongjian Huang J Jiulin Gan (State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China) Q Qianyi Guo (Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China) Z Zhongmin Yang

Abstract

ABSTRACT Flexible photonic fibers enable precise, interference‐free multimodal tactile sensing in wearable interfaces, owing to their intrinsic immunity to electromagnetic interference and cross‐modal coupling, together with rapid response. Until now, optical fibers that simultaneously exhibit mechanical robustness, signal decoupling, and environmental stability remain scarce, and system‐level integration is even rarer. Inspired by the distributed sensory arrangement of jellyfish tentacles, we propose a photonic skin composed of coaxially structured hydrogel optical fibers, in which pressure and temperature signals are routed through independent photonic and ionic channels for interference‐free multimodal sensing. The stretchable, highly reproducible, refractive‐index‐matched core‐cladding photonic fiber was constructed by continuous coaxial spinning with in situ photopolymerization. It resolves the long‐standing trade‐off between mechanical stretchability, low‐loss optical guiding, and temperature/humidity robustness in hydrogel fibers. The assembled sensing skin achieves high pressure and temperature sensitivity with a sub‐10‐ms response, surpassing existing benchmarks. It integrates with a lightweight, flexible printed circuit and multimodal tactile fusion machine‐learning architecture to form a wearable system, enabling wireless control, adaptive gesture recognition (99.21% accuracy), and multimodal object classification (99.22% accuracy). This work presents a fully integrated photonic skin platform bridging material‐level signal decoupling and system‐level multimodal perception for intelligent tactile interfaces in complex environments.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 38, Issue 22
Published April 01, 2026
ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher Unknown Publisher

Journal Info

Advanced Materials

Unknown Publisher

ISSN: 0935-9648 Physical Sciences

Authors (20)

X

Xuyao Zhou

Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China

Y

Yiqin Guo

Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China

Z

Zhenyu Chen

K

Kaitian Yu

Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China

C

Chengyu Yang

K

Kaixuan Lin

Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China

W

Weiting Chen

X

Xuan Liu

School of Energy and Power Engineering

P

Penglin Lyu

Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China

T

Tingli Hu

Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China

Y

Yuzhi Qin

Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China

Y

Yupeng Guo

W

Wenqi Han

Z

Zuping Lyu

Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China

M

Mingming Rong

College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Henan University Kaifeng China

B

Bo Fang

X

Xiongjian Huang

J

Jiulin Gan

State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices School of Materials Science and Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China

Q

Qianyi Guo

Flexible Photonic Chip International Innovation Center of Guangdong‐Hong Kong‐Macao Greater Bay Area Future Institute of Technology School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering South China Normal University Guangzhou China

Z

Zhongmin Yang