Comparison of coronary artery calcification in breast cancer survivors with age matched controls: A prospective case-control study.

Abstract

e24017 Background: Breast cancer (BC) is curable when detected in early stages with the help of multi-modality treatment. However, the Breast cancer survivors (BCS) battle atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) related to the long term effects of treatment (radiotherapy, aromatase inhibitors, premature menopause), advancing age, life style and co morbid diseases. Early detection of Coronary artery calcification (CAC) and management of risk factors has the potential to prevent deaths due to ASCVD in BCS. This prospective study was conducted to study the incidence of CAC in breast cancer survivors and to compare with age matched controls. Methods: Seventy BCS prospectively underwent CAC by CT scan and were compared to 210 age-matched female controls without a history of cancer. Results: Among 70 BCS, BC was right sided in 48.6% and left in 51.4%. 34.3% were HER2 positive, 32.9% triple negative and 48.6% hormone positive. 81.4% had modified radical mastectomy and 18.6% had breast conservation surgery. 64.3% had received adjuvant radiotherapy. 47.1% were on hormone therapy. 80% patients had received chemotherapy. The Cases and controls were age-matched. Among the BCS, 24.3% had diabetes and 28.6% had hypertension whereas among the controls 30.5% had diabetes and 44.3% had hypertension. Among the BCS and controls, the mean BMI i.e., 26.8±5.1 kg/m 2 v/s 27.3 ±4.3kg/m 2 . On comparing the CAC scores among the BCS and controls, it was observed that 28.6% of the BCS had high CAC scores whereas 34.7% of the controls had high CAC scores which was comparable ( P >0.05) and there was no statistically significant difference in median CAC scores among BCS 0.00 (0.00 – 584.00) and controls 0.00 (0.00 – 668.00).(P>0.05). Conclusions: Breast cancer survivors exhibited similar CAC as age-matched controls. Comparison of CAC in BCS and controls. BCS (n=70)(%) Controls (n=210) chi square (p value) CAC score 0 20(28.6) 73(34.7) 0.91(0.34) CAC score >=1 50(71.4) 137(65.3) Median CAC score 0.00 -584.00 0.00 - 668.00 7108.50(0.62)