Compression‐Durable Soft Electronic Circuits Enabled by Embedding Self‐Healing Biphasic Liquid‐Solid Metal Into Microstructured Elastomeric Channels

X Xiaoliang Chen (State Key Laboratory of Synergistic Chem-Bio Synthesis, State Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Engineering Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Zhang Jiang Institute for Advanced Study and National Center for Translational Medicine) B Bing Wang J Jiankang Duan (State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China) B Bo Yang L Liang Wang S Sheng Li Y Yizhuo Luo S Sihai Luo (Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST) Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China) B Bai Sun (Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Research Center of Frontier science and technology State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Engineering Research Center of Key Materials for Efficient Utilization of Clean Energy of Shaanxi Province Xi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry Institute of New Concept Sensors and Molecular Materials Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Conceptual Sensors and Molecular Materials Xi'an...) C Chunhui Wang (Micro-and Nano-Technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University) H Hongmiao Tian (Micro-and Nano-Technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University) X Xiangming Li (Micro-and Nano-Technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University) J Jian Lv J Jinyou Shao (Micro-and Nano-Technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University)

Abstract

Abstract Compression strongly degrades the electrical conductivity of the liquid‐metal‐based circuits because the liquid state is prone to be squashed. Here, a new compressible and stretchable biphasic liquid‐solid self‐healing circuit is proposed by filling GalnSn‐BilnSn biphasic metal into micropillar‐embedded channels. The underlying BilnSn solid alloy layer serves as a compression resistance layer, while the upper GalnSn liquid metal layer enables the real‐time filling of the cracks in the solid layer under large deformations, resulting in autonomous self‐healing and maintenance of conductivity under both stretching and compression. The embedded micropillars further improved the compression durability by providing additional mechanical support. The synergistic effect between the biphasic materials and embedded micropillar enables the designed stretchable conductor to show stable performance (R/R 0 <10) under pressure of 38.2 MPa (≈389.5 Kgf cm −2 ) and cyclic pressure of 15.8 MPa over 7000 cycles (R/R 0 <0.48%) without compromising the stretchability, whereas the liquid metal‐based conductor can only endure pressure up to 2.5 MPa (25.49 Kgf cm −2 ). The stretchable antenna and hybrid circuits fabricated using the designed biphasic metal conductor showed enhanced compression durability. The structure‐confined filling strategy enabled high‐resolution and scalable manufacturing. Overall, robust stability under compression significantly expands the range of possible applications of liquid‐metal‐based conductors in soft electronics.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 37, Issue 21
Published May 01, 2025
ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher Unknown Publisher

Journal Info

Advanced Materials

Unknown Publisher

ISSN: 0935-9648 Physical Sciences

Authors (14)

X

Xiaoliang Chen

State Key Laboratory of Synergistic Chem-Bio Synthesis, State Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Engineering Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Zhang Jiang Institute for Advanced Study and National Center for Translational Medicine

B

Bing Wang

J

Jiankang Duan

State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China

B

Bo Yang

L

Liang Wang

S

Sheng Li

Y

Yizhuo Luo

S

Sihai Luo

Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST) Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shaanxi 710049 China

B

Bai Sun

Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Interdisciplinary Research Center of Frontier science and technology State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures Engineering Research Center of Key Materials for Efficient Utilization of Clean Energy of Shaanxi Province Xi'an Key Laboratory of Electronic Devices and Material Chemistry Institute of New Concept Sensors and Molecular Materials Shaanxi Key Laboratory of New Conceptual Sensors and Molecular Materials Xi'an...

C

Chunhui Wang

Micro-and Nano-Technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University

H

Hongmiao Tian

Micro-and Nano-Technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University

X

Xiangming Li

Micro-and Nano-Technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University

J

Jian Lv

J

Jinyou Shao

Micro-and Nano-Technology Research Center, State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University