Conformationally Variable Peptides Trap and Detoxify Ox‐LDL in Plaques for Attenuating Atherosclerosis in Multiple Species

H Hong‐Mei Zhao (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China) J Jun‐Ye Chen (Department of Vascular Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China) Q Qi‐Lin Liang (CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory For Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) Beijing China) X Xi‐Xi Dong (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China) Y Ying Fan G Guo‐Yang Xu (CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory For Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) Beijing China) D Danhua Chen J Jing‐Xian Huang (CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory For Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) Beijing China) J Jia‐Huan He (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China) J Jia‐Qi Feng (CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory For Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) Beijing China) K Ke‐Qiang Shu (Department of Vascular Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China) Y Yu Zeng Y Yun‐Fei Xue (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China) K Kai Song (Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry) L Lin Wang J Jing Wang (Hunan Cancer Hospital Changsha China) K Kai Yue X Xin‐Xin Zhang (School of Energy and Environment Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China) H Hua Zhang L Lei Wang H Hao Wang (Division of Quantitative Sciences, Department of Oncology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA)

Abstract

ABSTRACT Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events due to atherosclerosis (AS) are the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Current therapeutic strategies failed to simultaneously target lipid deposition, chronic inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Herein, we developed BIFD, a conformationally variable peptide targeting lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) on oxidized low‐density lipoproteins (ox‐LDL), which binds ox‐LDL to form nanoaggregates, blocking ox‐LDL toxicity, reducing inflammation, promoting metabolism/excretion of ox‐LDL in macrophage. In addition, both ox‐LDL specifically distributed in plaque sites and the targetability of BIFD to ox‐LDL enable the BIFD targetability to plaque of AS. Therefore, rapamycin (Rapa), an anti‐inflammatory drug, is designed to be encapsulated into BIFD to form Rapa@BIFD nanoparticles (NPs). Rapa@BIFD may target plaque, enhancing accumulation and retention of Rapa@BIFD on the AS lesion. Consequently, Rapa@BIFD demonstrated high efficacy against AS with minimal side effects. In vitro and in vivo studies in apolipoprotein E‐knockout murine and canine models revealed that Rapa@BIFD effectively reduced oxidative damage, and inflammatory responses, while promoting lipid metabolism and excretion. Rapa@BIFD mitigated side effects of Rapa, such as hyperlipidemia and splenic toxicity. These findings present a transformative multitarget for AS, combining efficacy with minimal side effects and enhanced clinical translatability.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 38, Issue 33
Published June 01, 2026
ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher Unknown Publisher

Journal Info

Advanced Materials

Unknown Publisher

ISSN: 0935-9648 Physical Sciences

Authors (21)

H

Hong‐Mei Zhao

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China

J

Jun‐Ye Chen

Department of Vascular Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China

Q

Qi‐Lin Liang

CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory For Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) Beijing China

X

Xi‐Xi Dong

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China

Y

Ying Fan

G

Guo‐Yang Xu

CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory For Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) Beijing China

D

Danhua Chen

J

Jing‐Xian Huang

CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory For Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) Beijing China

J

Jia‐Huan He

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China

J

Jia‐Qi Feng

CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience CAS Key Laboratory For Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) Beijing China

K

Ke‐Qiang Shu

Department of Vascular Surgery Peking Union Medical College Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China

Y

Yu Zeng

Y

Yun‐Fei Xue

Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Beijing China

K

Kai Song

Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry

L

Lin Wang

J

Jing Wang

Hunan Cancer Hospital Changsha China

K

Kai Yue

X

Xin‐Xin Zhang

School of Energy and Environment Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing China

H

Hua Zhang

L

Lei Wang

H

Hao Wang

Division of Quantitative Sciences, Department of Oncology Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland USA