Disease progression is associated with differential neutrophil maturation in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> –infected macaques

S Stanley Dinko (Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France) C Candie Joly P Paul Mazet (Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France) G Gaëlle Sandillon (Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France) V Victor Magneron (Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France) N Natalia Nunez (Life and Soft, A SeqOne Company, Montpellier, France) C Céline Mayet (Life and Soft, A SeqOne Company, Montpellier, France) S Ségolène Diry (Life and Soft, A SeqOne Company, Montpellier, France) C Cassandra Gaspar (Life and Soft, A SeqOne Company, Montpellier, France) M Marco Leonec S Sophie Luccantoni (Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France) C Camille Ludot B Benoit Delache E Emma Jougla (Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France) J Julie Morin (Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France) W Wafa Zouaoui-Frigui (Unit for Integrated Mycobacterial Pathogenomics, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité , Paris,) R Roland Brosch (Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unit for Integrated Mycobacterial Pathogenomics, CNRS UMR 6047, Microbiology Department) V Vanessa Contreras A Anne-Sophie Gallouët N Nathalie Bosquet (Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France) F Francis Relouzat Q Quentin Pascal B Baptiste Jean (1CHU de Lyon, Lyon, France) M Marion Holzapfel (Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France) O Olivier Lambotte T Thibaut Naninck R Roger Le Grand J Julien Lemaitre

Abstract

Abstract Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), is associated with clinical diversity and outcomes ranging from latent TB to active TB with distinct pathophysiologies. However, our understanding of the innate immune mechanisms related to the protection or progression of TB is limited. Among innate immune cells, the role of neutrophils is not fully elucidated, as they have been shown to exhibit both protective and harmful capacities in TB. We hypothesized that Mtb infection induces changes in neutrophil phenotype and function, influencing the infection outcomes. Based on clinical, bacteriological, and positron emission tomography with x-ray computed tomography (PET/CT) scan parameters, cynomolgus macaques infected by Mtb were stratified into two categories: animals that rapidly progressed to an active form of TB, designated as “fast progressors,” and “slow progressors,” which include low symptomatic or asymptomatic animals. In this study, we identified transcriptomic signatures of type I interferons and neutrophil degranulation in macaques with fast progression to active TB, which were not observed in animals with slow TB progression. Unsupervised mass cytometry analysis showed the emergence of blood immature neutrophils (CD101+ CD10−) in fast-progressing animals. In addition, bulk blood neutrophils from infected animals displayed capacities to modulate TNF-α production and cytotoxic function of CD8 T cells in a contact-dependent mechanism. In lung granulomas, neutrophils showed a tissue-specific phenotype (CD101− CD10+), with greater infiltration in animals with active TB. These data suggest that neutrophil subpopulations are associated with disease progression, with capacities to modulate CD8 T cells’ functions, which in turn may contribute to disease progression.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 215, Issue 6
Published June 07, 2026
ISSN 0022-1767
Publisher American Association of Immunologists

Authors (28)

S

Stanley Dinko

Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

C

Candie Joly

P

Paul Mazet

Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

G

Gaëlle Sandillon

Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

V

Victor Magneron

Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

N

Natalia Nunez

Life and Soft, A SeqOne Company, Montpellier, France

C

Céline Mayet

Life and Soft, A SeqOne Company, Montpellier, France

S

Ségolène Diry

Life and Soft, A SeqOne Company, Montpellier, France

C

Cassandra Gaspar

Life and Soft, A SeqOne Company, Montpellier, France

M

Marco Leonec

S

Sophie Luccantoni

Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

C

Camille Ludot

B

Benoit Delache

E

Emma Jougla

Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

J

Julie Morin

Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

W

Wafa Zouaoui-Frigui

Unit for Integrated Mycobacterial Pathogenomics, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité , Paris,

R

Roland Brosch

Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Unit for Integrated Mycobacterial Pathogenomics, CNRS UMR 6047, Microbiology Department

V

Vanessa Contreras

A

Anne-Sophie Gallouët

N

Nathalie Bosquet

Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

F

Francis Relouzat

Q

Quentin Pascal

B

Baptiste Jean

1CHU de Lyon, Lyon, France

M

Marion Holzapfel

Immune Diseases, Microbiology and Innovative Therapies (IDMIT/UMRS1184), Université Paris-Saclay – Inserm - CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses & Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

O

Olivier Lambotte

T

Thibaut Naninck

R

Roger Le Grand

J

Julien Lemaitre