Global trends in soft tissue and extraosseous sarcomas (1980–2021): Regional and economic disparities.

Abstract

e23509 Background: Sarcoma is one of the rare malignancies arising from bone or soft tissues, shares a incidence of 1% of all cancers across the world. This study analyzes data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021 to examine trends and provide a detailed outlook on its global trajectory. Methods: Data was extracted from the GBD 2021 database, focusing on age-standardized death rates (ASDR), Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) and incidence of sarcoma. Analytics conducted using join point regression to determine average annual percentage changes (AAPC). Results: Globally, ASDR for soft tissue and extraosseous sarcomas have continuously declined from 1980-2021. In 1980, the ASDR was 0.77(95% UI: 0.65-0.91) and it declined to 0.60 (AAPC: -0.602; 95% UI: -0.67, -0.53, P<0.001) in 2021. Globally, DALYs rate was 27.4(95% UI: 22.61-33.29) per 100,000 people in 1990 and it decreased to 20.54 (AAPC: -0.0936; 95% CI: -1.02, -0.085, P<0.001) in 2021. The Incidence rate was 27.4(95% UI: 22.61-33.29) in 1990 that decreased to 20.54 (AAPC: -0.131; 95% CI: -0.25 to -0.003, P=0.04) in 2021. Globally, DALYs rate was 27.4(95% UI: 22.61,33.29) per 100,000 people in 1990 and it decreased to 20.54 (AAPC: -.0936; 95% CI: -1.02-to -0.085, P<0.001) in 2021. In geographical analysis, America, Africa and Asia had uniformly declining ASDRs while Europe had a steady rise in ASDR. From 1980 to 2021, America had decreasing death rates with an AAPC of -0.243 (95% CI: -0.48, -0.0050; P=0.04) and nonsignificant decreasing incidence rates with an AAPC of -0.022(95% CI: -0.21, 0.16). Africa and Asia also had declining death rates with AAPC of -0.734 (95% CI: -0.81, -0.65; P<0.001) and AAPC of -1.13 (95%CI: -1.21, -1.06; P<0.01) respectively. Conversely Europe had an increasing trend both in death and incidence rate, with death rate AAPC of 0.33 (95%CI: 0.12,0.55; P<0.001). Per World Bank income levels, high-income countries saw a slight increase in death rates, while others declined. Conclusions: The results show a steady decline in ASDR, DALY and incidence rates from 1980 to 2021. However, regional disparities show declining ASDR in America, Asia, and Africa, while Europe saw a steady rise. Similarly, death rates slightly increased in high-income countries, while lower-income groups saw declines. Sarcoma death rates compared between 1980 and 2021. Location Year Rate Upper Lower Global 1980 0.77 0.90 0.65 2021 0.60 0.73 0.51 America 1980 0.96 1.00 0.93 2021 0.87 0.91 0.81 Europe 1980 0.70 0.74 0.67 2021 0.80 0.85 0.74 Asia 1980 0.67 0.83 0.46 2021 0.42 0.57 0.32 Africa 1980 1.12 1.64 0.89 2021 0.83 1.24 0.64