Hypofractionated, Dose-Escalated Radiation Versus Conventionally Fractionated Radiation for Localized Prostate Cancer: Long-Term Update of a Phase III, Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial

C Comron Hassanzadeh (The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) D Deborah Kuban (Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) S Sarah Pasyar (Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) R Roland Bassett (1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Houston, United States) P Patricia Troncoso (The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) M Maheen Ansari (Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) P Pamela Schlembach (Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) S Sean McGuire (Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) Q Quynh Nguyen S Steven Frank (Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) H Henry Mok (Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) O Osama Mohamad (Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) R Ryan Park (1University of Chicago, Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Chicago, United States) C Chad Tang (Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA) W Weiliang Du (Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) R Rajat Kudchadker (Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) S Seungtaek Choi (Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX) K Karen Hoffman (Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX)

Abstract

The MD Anderson dose-escalated, hypofractionated prostate radiation study was a phase III randomized trial comparing conventionally fractionated intensity-modulated radiation therapy (CIMRT, 75.6 Gy in 1.8-Gy fractions) with dose-escalated, hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiation (HIMRT, 72 Gy in 2.4-Gy fractions) in patients with localized prostate cancer, predominantly low-risk and intermediate-risk disease. The initial publication highlighted statistically fewer treatment failures in the HIMRT arm. We present long-term updated 13-year outcomes to determine whether cancer control benefit was maintained and to evaluate distant metastases post hoc. With a median follow-up of 13.2 years (IQR, 8.8-15.9 years), treatment failure occurred less frequently in men undergoing HIMRT (n = 13) compared with those undergoing CIMRT (n = 22), although the difference no longer meets statistical significance ( P = .08). Distant metastases were rare, and no statistically significant difference was noted ( P = .2). There remained no statistically significant difference in late GI 2+ (10-year 10% HIMRT v 4% CIMRT, P = .09) or genitourinary grade 2+ toxicity (10-year 26% v 23%, P = .5).

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 43, Issue 18
Published June 20, 2025
Pages 2044-2048
ISSN 0732-183X
Publisher Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Journal Info

Journal of Clinical Oncology

Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

ISSN: 0732-183X Health Sciences

Authors (18)

C

Comron Hassanzadeh

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

D

Deborah Kuban

Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

S

Sarah Pasyar

Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

R

Roland Bassett

1The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Houston, United States

P

Patricia Troncoso

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

M

Maheen Ansari

Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

P

Pamela Schlembach

Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

S

Sean McGuire

Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

Q

Quynh Nguyen

S

Steven Frank

Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

H

Henry Mok

Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

O

Osama Mohamad

Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

R

Ryan Park

1University of Chicago, Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Chicago, United States

C

Chad Tang

Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston Texas USA

W

Weiliang Du

Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

R

Rajat Kudchadker

Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

S

Seungtaek Choi

Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX

K

Karen Hoffman

Department of Genitourinary Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX