Modular Supramolecular Polycations Enable Efficient Delivery of Diverse RNA Therapeutics and Vaccines

R Rafał Jerzy Kopiasz (School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) H Hadijatou J. Sallah (Department of Infectious Disease South Kensington Campus Imperial College London London UK) R Robert J. Cavanagh (School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) S Sal Jones (School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) C Cara Moloney (School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) L Lewis O'Shaughnessy (School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) P Phoebe McCrorie (Biodiscovery Institute School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) A Ala’ Salem (Aqdot Ltd Cambridge UK) H Hulya Bayraktutan (School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) A Aimée S. Jeluk (School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) L Luke A. Granger (Department of Infectious Disease South Kensington Campus Imperial College London London UK) F Francois Hallac (Department of Engineering, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences King's College London The Strand London UK) A Alison A. Ritchie (Biodiscovery Institute School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) S Shreeya Parmar (Biodiscovery Institute School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) A Anna M. Grabowska (Biodiscovery Institute School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) P Poulam Patel (Biodiscovery Institute School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) S Srinivasan Madhusudan R Ruman Rahman A Alan McIntyre (Biodiscovery Institute School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) R Robin J. Shattock C Charalampos Makatsoris (Department of Engineering, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences King's College London The Strand London UK) R Roger Coulston (Aqdot Ltd Cambridge UK) A Andrew M. Howe (Aqdot Ltd Cambridge UK) P Pratik Gurnani (UCL School of Pharmacy University College London London UK) S Snjezana Stolnik (School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK) J John S. Tregoning C Cameron Alexander (School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK)

Abstract

ABSTRACT We describe a modular, diverse, and customizable supramolecular‐materials platform that can deliver nucleic acids in vitro and in vivo. The chemistries deployed enable the generation of multiple supramolecular polycations, which can associate with RNA to form polyelectrolyte complexes, but which have the unique feature of reversible cross‐links, via host–guest interactions of monomers that display aromatic amino acid termini with cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]). Families of supramolecular polymers can be prepared by simple variation in monomer structure, enabling the tuning of properties. We demonstrate that these supramolecular polyelectrolyte complexes with RNA can be prepared easily via automatable procedures to generate nanoparticles that meet Critical Quality Attributes for manufactured RNA vaccines and therapeutics. We show that these materials can deliver RNA to a range of cell types, displaying reporter‐protein expression at levels equivalent to, or greater than, commercial transfection reagents, with no acute adverse phenotypic effects. Finally, we demonstrate the success of our materials platform across a range of nucleic acid types, with expression of mRNA within tumors of an orthotopic Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer mouse model, knockdown of a kinase implicated in cancer progression via siRNA, and effective protection against H1N1 influenza virus challenge in mice following injections of self‐amplifying RNA.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 38, Issue 16
Published March 01, 2026
ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher Unknown Publisher

Journal Info

Advanced Materials

Unknown Publisher

ISSN: 0935-9648 Physical Sciences

Authors (27)

R

Rafał Jerzy Kopiasz

School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

H

Hadijatou J. Sallah

Department of Infectious Disease South Kensington Campus Imperial College London London UK

R

Robert J. Cavanagh

School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

S

Sal Jones

School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

C

Cara Moloney

School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

L

Lewis O'Shaughnessy

School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

P

Phoebe McCrorie

Biodiscovery Institute School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

A

Ala’ Salem

Aqdot Ltd Cambridge UK

H

Hulya Bayraktutan

School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

A

Aimée S. Jeluk

School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

L

Luke A. Granger

Department of Infectious Disease South Kensington Campus Imperial College London London UK

F

Francois Hallac

Department of Engineering, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences King's College London The Strand London UK

A

Alison A. Ritchie

Biodiscovery Institute School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

S

Shreeya Parmar

Biodiscovery Institute School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

A

Anna M. Grabowska

Biodiscovery Institute School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

P

Poulam Patel

Biodiscovery Institute School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

S

Srinivasan Madhusudan

R

Ruman Rahman

A

Alan McIntyre

Biodiscovery Institute School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

R

Robin J. Shattock

C

Charalampos Makatsoris

Department of Engineering, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical and Engineering Sciences King's College London The Strand London UK

R

Roger Coulston

Aqdot Ltd Cambridge UK

A

Andrew M. Howe

Aqdot Ltd Cambridge UK

P

Pratik Gurnani

UCL School of Pharmacy University College London London UK

S

Snjezana Stolnik

School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK

J

John S. Tregoning

C

Cameron Alexander

School of Pharmacy University of Nottingham Nottingham UK