MOF‐Functionalized Ultrasound‐Trackable Magnetic Microrobots for Intracranial Toxin Removal
Abstract
ABSTRACT Toxin accumulation within specialized microenvironments, such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), poses significant clinical challenges. In particular, bilirubin in CSF can cause severe damage to the brain and neural tissues. Current therapeutic strategies for intracranial bilirubin clearance suffer from poor targeting, inadequate detoxification capacity, and reliance on invasive procedures. Here, we demonstrate multifunctional microrobots designed for toxin removal in specialized anatomical compartments. The proposed ultrasound‐trackable microbubbles@PCN‐333 microrobots (UMPCs) feature a hollow hydrogel microbubble core for enhanced ultrasound imaging contrast, an outer metal–organic framework (MOF) layer for proactive and high‐capacity toxin adsorption, and embedded ferroferric oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) nanoparticles to enablec. Magnetic actuation enhances the UMPC's bilirubin capture efficiency through improved mass transfer. By integrating an ultrafast ultrasound imaging system with magnetic actuation, we achieve real‐time tracking and precise control of UMPCs within the CSF. This strategy offers a minimally invasive and actively guided approach for efficient intracranial bilirubin clearance, opening new avenues for targeted toxin‐removal in anatomically confined environments.
Article Details
Authors (17)
Yu Mei
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Shuangyi Cheng
College of Biomedical Engineering Fudan University Shanghai P. R. China
Shunyao Li
Sports Medicine Institute of Fudan University, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University
Zhe Zhao
Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Precise Breeding of Future Crops, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University
Yuan Chen
School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
Jinlong Wang
Institute of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, College of Chemistry
Guohonghao Zeng
International Institute for Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems College of Intelligent Robotics and Advanced Manufacturing State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and State Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Science and Technology Fudan University Shanghai P. R. China
Jiayuan Huang
Ji Tan
Ziyu Zhang
Guoao Ma
College of Biomedical Engineering Fudan University Shanghai P. R. China
Xuanyong Liu
Jun Chen
Kailiang Xu
Xiangzhong Chen
International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems & State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, College of Intelligent Robotics and Advanced Manufacturing, Fudan University
Yongfeng Mei
International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems & State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, College of Intelligent Robotics and Advanced Manufacturing, Fudan University
Gaoshan Huang
International Institute of Intelligent Nanorobots and Nanosystems & State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, College of Intelligent Robotics and Advanced Manufacturing, Fudan University