Molecular Extrusion Drives Polymer Dynamic Soft Encapsulation to Inhibit Lead Leakage for Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules
Abstract
Abstract Polymer additives exhibit unique advantages in suppressing lead leaching from perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, polymers tend to excessively aggregate in the perovskite film, which hinders comprehensive encapsulation and disrupts charge transport efficiency, degrading lead leakage inhibition and device performance. Herein, a polymer dynamic soft encapsulation strategy driven by molecular extrusion is introduced to mitigate lead leakage in PSCs, achieved through the incorporation of poly(propylene adipate) (PPA) as a multifunctional additive in the perovskite formulation. The PPA‐modified inverted perovskite solar cell (aperture area: 0.04 cm 2 ) and module with dimensions of 30 × 30 cm 2 (aperture area: 651.42 cm 2 ) achieve superior power conversion efficiencies of 26.37% and 20.06% (certified 19.68%), respectively. Furthermore, the PPA anchors Pb 2+ via chemical coordination and physically blocks moisture ingress, resulting in lead leakage suppression efficiencies of 95.0% in the perovskite solar cell and 91.4% in the module, with a concomitant 93.1% reduction in environmental biotoxicity compared to the control device. This work addresses the critical challenge of lead leakage in PSCs and offers a scalable strategy for advancing the development of environmentally friendly and high‐performance perovskite photovoltaic technology.
Article Details
Authors (17)
Huan Yang
Zheng Lu
Tian Hou
Tian‐Xiang Qian
School of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215000 P. R. China
Jun Li
Rui‐Jie Li
School of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215000 P. R. China
Wei Cheng
Jia‐Ting Li
School of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215000 P. R. China
Shu‐Hao Wang
School of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215000 P. R. China
Yi‐fan Yang
School of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215000 P. R. China
Guo‐Xiang Zhao
School of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215000 P. R. China
Sheng Ju
Rong Zhang
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
Yue‐Long Huang
School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum University Chengdu 610500 China
Shuai Zou
Xiao‐Dong Su
School of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215000 P. R. China
Gui‐Fu Zou
School of Physical Science and Technology, College of Energy, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215000 P. R. China