Synergistic Management of Crystallization and Defects in Tin‐Lead Perovskites towards Efficient All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

J Jiayu You (College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education) Y Yi Luo (State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis) J Juncheng Wang R Ruohao Wang (Southwest United Graduate School, National Center for International Joint Research of Photoelectric Energy Materials and Application, School of Materials and Energy Yunnan University Kunming China) Z Zhiyu Gao (College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education) Y Yuliang Xu (Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University) J Jialun Jin S Shenghan Wu W Wenbo Jiao H Hao Zhang H Hao Huang D Dinghao Ma Y Yanqing Yao S Shining Zhang (Institute of Power Energy Innovation North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 P.R. China) S Shun Zhou P Peng Cui (MOE Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science) X Xing Zhao (John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences) X Xinxing Yin C Chuanxiao Xiao W Wen‐Hua Zhang (Southwest United Graduate School, National Center for International Joint Research of Photoelectric Energy Materials and Application, School of Materials and Energy Yunnan University Kunming China) M Martin Stolterfoht C Cong Chen (BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.) D Dewei Zhao

Abstract

ABSTRACT Low‐bandgap mixed tin–lead (Sn–Pb) perovskites are promising near‐infrared absorbers for all‐perovskite tandem solar cells (APTSCs), but suffer from Sn‐related defects, ion migration, and poor crystallinity. Herein, we developed a synergistic dual‐molecule additive strategy by incorporating aminoguanidine sulfate (AGS) and L‐alanine hydrochloride (AHC) into the Sn–Pb perovskite precursor. The guanidine moieties of AGS bonded to Sn vacancies to inhibit the oxidation of Sn 2+ and formed hydrogen bonds with formamidinium (FA + ) to immobilize its migration. Besides, the ionic hydrogen bonds between AHC and the perovskite components slowed down the crystallization process of perovskite and inhibited halide ion migration. Importantly, the specific interaction between AGS and AHC enabled a uniform distribution of the additives and provided efficient defect passivation at grain boundaries. This synergy regulated the film formation kinetics, promoted preferred orientation growth, and enhanced crystallinity, thereby reducing non‐radiative recombination and ion migration. As a result, our Sn–Pb perovskite solar cells achieved an efficiency of up to 23.44%. Furthermore, we demonstrated a champion efficiency of 29.36% (certified 28.57%) for APTSCs.

Article Details

Volume / Issue Vol. 38, Issue 27
Published May 01, 2026
ISSN 0935-9648
Publisher Unknown Publisher

Journal Info

Advanced Materials

Unknown Publisher

ISSN: 0935-9648 Physical Sciences

Authors (23)

J

Jiayu You

College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education

Y

Yi Luo

State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis

J

Juncheng Wang

R

Ruohao Wang

Southwest United Graduate School, National Center for International Joint Research of Photoelectric Energy Materials and Application, School of Materials and Energy Yunnan University Kunming China

Z

Zhiyu Gao

College of Materials Science and Engineering & Engineering Research Center of Alternative Energy Materials and Devices, Ministry of Education

Y

Yuliang Xu

Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education) and State Key Laboratory of Discovery and Utilization of Functional Components in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University

J

Jialun Jin

S

Shenghan Wu

W

Wenbo Jiao

H

Hao Zhang

H

Hao Huang

D

Dinghao Ma

Y

Yanqing Yao

S

Shining Zhang

Institute of Power Energy Innovation North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206 P.R. China

S

Shun Zhou

P

Peng Cui

MOE Key Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science

X

Xing Zhao

John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences

X

Xinxing Yin

C

Chuanxiao Xiao

W

Wen‐Hua Zhang

Southwest United Graduate School, National Center for International Joint Research of Photoelectric Energy Materials and Application, School of Materials and Energy Yunnan University Kunming China

M

Martin Stolterfoht

C

Cong Chen

BLSA-ZJU Research Center and Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

D

Dewei Zhao