Toward Fast‐Charging and Dendritic‐Free Li Growth on Natural Graphite Through Intercalation/Conversion on MoS ₂ Nanosheets

Abstract

Abstract During fast‐charging, uneven lithium plating on the surface of commercial graphite anode impedes the electrochemical performance of lithium‐ion batteries, causing a safety issue. The formation of a passivation layer, the solid‐electrolyte interphase (SEI), due to side reactions with the organic electrolyte, correlates with long‐term cycling performance under fast‐charging conditions, necessitating comprehensive analysis. Herein, it is demonstrated that a molybdenum disulfide (MoS 2 ) coating on natural graphite (NG) modulates the properties of the SEI layer, enabling reduction of the charging time and the enhancement of long‐term cycling performance. MoS 2 spontaneously transforms into Li 2 S and Mo nanoclusters through intercalation and conversion with Li + , altering the chemical composition and stability of the SEI layer on the NG, promoting faster Li + transport, and reducing interfacial resistance. The MoS 2 ‐NG anode shows improved fast‐charging capability and cycling performance under 3.0 C‐charging and 1.0 C‐discharging over 300 cycles without compromising energy density. In the full‐cell configuration, a charging time of 14.7 min at 80% state of charge is achieved, making it suitable for electric vehicle applications.