Trends and disparities in mortality due to myelodysplastic syndromes in the US from 1999 to 2020.

Abstract

e18586 Background: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a group of hematological disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and an increased risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MDS significantly contributes to mortality due to complications such as infections, bleeding, and disease progression. To gain deeper insights into its burden, this study evaluates the trends and disparities across different demographic and geographic groups. Methods: Data were extracted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC-WONDER) for the years 1999 to 2020 to calculate crude and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) per 100,000 population for MDS using ICD Codes D46. Mortality trends were analyzed using annual percent change (APC) and average annual percent change (AAPC) through the Joinpoint Regression Program (v5.3.0). Analyses were stratified by Age, gender, race/ethnicity and urbanization status (metropolitan vs. non-metropolitan areas). Statistical significance was defined at p < 0.05. Results: From 1999 to 2020, 203,777 MDS-related deaths occurred in the United States including 57.9% Males. The overall AAMR increased slightly, from 20.50 (95% CI: 20.02–20.98) in 1999 to 20.90 (95% CI: 20.51–21.30) in 2020, with an AAPC of -0.0473 (95% CI: -0.2338 to 0.1558). Men consistently exhibited higher AAMRs (33.01) than women (15.38). Non-Hispanic Whites had the highest AAMR (24.27), followed by American Indians (14.22), non-Hispanic Blacks (13.20), Asians (13.13), and Hispanics (12.94). CR was highest in 85+( 65.839) and lowest in 65 to 74 yr group (8.143). The Midwest region showed the highest AAMR (25.18), followed by the West (22.46), Northeast (21.36), and South (20.81). Non-metropolitan populations had slightly higher AAMRs than metropolitan populations (22.64 vs. 22.18). Conclusions: MDS mortality exhibited an increasing trend during the early 21st century, followed by a decline in later years. High mortality was observed among men, non-Hispanic Whites, individuals aged 85+ years, residents of the Midwest, and those in non-metropolitan areas. Further investigation is needed to explore the underlying contributing factors.